Apache is a free and open-source and cross-platform web server that powers a large number of websites. Apache web server is the most widely-used http server in the world. It includes many powerful features, dynamically loadable modules with other popular software. You will learn how to install Apache web server on Debian 11.
Install Apache on Debian 11
By default, Debian software repositories includes the Apache so it’s very straight forward to install Apache on the Debian system.
Prerequisites
Make sure you are logged in on your Debian 11 Bullseye with a non-root user account with full root access.
At first, you should update the package index and then will install the apache2 package using below commands :
sudo apt update
sudo apt install apache2
Here, we use sudo as command so these operations are executed with root privileges and it will prompt you to enter your regular user password to verify.
Once Apache is installed and it will start apache2 service automatically.
Adjust the Firewall
After installation of Apache make sure that your firewall allows HTTP and HTTPS traffic. You can get list of ufw profile list by typing :
sudo ufw app list
Available applications:
Apache
Apache Full
Apache Secure
OpenSSH
You must open required ports, If you are using nftables to filter connections to your system. Issue the following commands:
nft add rule inet filter input tcp dport {80, 443} ct state new,established counter accept
Allow incoming HTTP and HTTPS traffic for this profile:
sudo ufw allow in "Apache Full"
Testing Apache Installation
After that, Execute the below command to check the Apache status:
sudo systemctl status apache2
It will show you output like below :
● apache2.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/apache2.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Sat 2019-07-27 11:29:17 UTC; 15min ago
...
Another method to check is, open your web browser, type your server IP address or domain name http://YOUR_SERVER_IP and you will see the default Apache welcome page as shown below:
Manage Apache Processes
Now your web server is installed and up to run so we will see some basic management commands.
To stop Apache service you can run :
sudo systemctl stop apache2
You can again start Apache service by type :
sudo systemctl start apache2
To do Restart (stop and start) the Apache service:
sudo systemctl restart apache2
If you have need to making configuration changes, Apache can reload without dropping connections. For this, use this command:
sudo systemctl reload apache2
If you want to disable the Apache service type:
sudo systemctl disable apache2
To re-enable the service to start up at boot, type:
sudo systemctl enable apache2
Conclusion
Congratulations! You have successfully installed Apache on your Debian 11 Bullseye system. You can now start deploying your applications and use Apache as a web or proxy server.
If you have any question or suggestion, leave comment below.